The '''Second Bagaudae Revolt''' was an armed conflict in northwestern Gaul, where rebel groups, called Bagaudae, opposed the imperial government in the period between 435-441.Chronica Gallica of 452Hydatius, s.a. 435 The conflict consisted of several uprisings and they took place in a very turbulent period in which the Western Roman Empire had to focus its attention on several fronts.
==背景==
=== Uprisings ===
An important characteristic of the downfall process that the Western Roman Empire was going through in the 5th century were the various uprisings that took place throughout the empire. That unrest is sometimes seen as a class struggle, but had several reasons, because among the rebels there were also expropriated aristocrats. Usually the high tax burden, the unsafe situation or the mandatory recuration for the Late Roman army|Roman army is seen as the basis for the uprisings.
巴古德并不是一个组织严密的运动，而是由农民、贫穷农奴、逃亡奴隶和当地精英组成的松散团体，他们背叛了罗马的统治。 In Armorica (about present-day Brittany and parts of western France) there had already been an uprising in the period between 409 and 417. This uprising is known as the Bagaudae Revolt and was stabilized by General Constantius III with the help of the Goths.
那段时期的内战对西军来说是一次大流血，兵力大幅减少。但公元 432 年，非洲省（罗马行省）|非洲落入汪达尔人手中，也给西方带来了麻烦。除了粮食供应之外，它还损失了富裕省份的大量税收收入，而这些税收是它用来资助昂贵的军队的。
=== Political situation ===
关于巴古代起义的直接原因，我们当然知之甚少，因为当代的资料很少且很概括。尽管如此，政治背景的很多内容还是很清楚的。西罗马陷入了行政和军事危机。国家征收税收，但在执行安全和正义方面却表现不佳。在高卢的大部分地区，治理是分散的：城市、大地主和军事指挥官自主运作。 The declining Roman control led to various population groups rebelling against the legitimate government. 452年的高卢编年史显示，当时大部分人口都是武装团体。
==The Uprising==
Tibatto is mentioned in the sources as the leader of the uprising in 435. According to E. A. Thompson|Thompson, who wrote extensively about the Bagaudae and their uprisings, the rebels were not simply bush robbery, but an organized movement of the lower classes striving for independence.起义可能是从公开拒绝纳税开始的，随后官员被驱逐，武器被没收。起义像漏油一样在高卢西北部蔓延。罗马驻军被驱逐或加入叛军。
起初，帝国军队没有做出任何回应。 It lasted until 436 that they took action.焦点首先集中在勃艮第和巴古代叛乱上。埃提乌斯带着他的大部分军队向北移动，他将部队分成两部分：他将亲自对付勃艮第人，而让他的部下将军利托里乌斯消灭巴古德人。
===The campaign of Litorius===
我们再次简要了解了利托留斯战役的进程。 Prosper 仅报道说利托里乌斯于 436 年镇压了阿莫里卡的巴高迪起义。Prosper, s.a.a. 437 Historians suspect that Litorius had Huns at his disposal and that his campaign mainly consisted of skirmishes with the Bagaudae militias of farmers and slaves without almost military training who could not match the experienced Huns.他设法俘获了他们的一些领导人，其中包括被带到拉文纳的蒂巴托。 437年初，利托里乌斯和他的军队南下，与围困纳博讷|纳博纳的西哥特人竞争。
===The Alans of Goar===
除了利托里乌斯的罗马军队外，戈阿尔领导下的阿兰人也活跃在阿莫里卡。尽管年代在 437 年（汤普森）和 448 年（休斯）之间变化，但阿兰人在奥尔良上方直至塞纳河的地区“高卢”定居点的情况可以高度确定地重建。巴高德起义无疑在其中发挥了作用。通过将阿兰人定居在这里，阿莫里卡尼地区被分为两部分，从而阻止了地区西部的巴高迪人与东部地区的巴高迪人联合。 编年史 452、117、119、127；康斯坦提乌斯，Vita Germani VI 28。
[h4] The '''Second Bagaudae Revolt''' was an armed conflict in northwestern Gaul, where rebel groups, called Bagaudae, opposed the imperial government in the period between 435-441.Chronica Gallica of 452Hydatius, s.a. 435 The conflict consisted of several uprisings and they took place in a very turbulent period in which the Western Roman Empire had to focus its attention on several fronts.
==背景==
=== Uprisings === An important characteristic of the downfall process that the Western Roman Empire was going through in the 5th century were the various uprisings that took place throughout the empire. That unrest is sometimes seen as a class struggle, but had several reasons, because among the rebels there were also expropriated aristocrats. Usually the high tax burden, the unsafe situation or the mandatory recuration for the Late Roman army|Roman army is seen as the basis for the uprisings.
巴古德并不是一个组织严密的运动，而是由农民、贫穷农奴、逃亡奴隶和当地精英组成的松散团体，他们背叛了罗马的统治。 In Armorica (about present-day Brittany and parts of western France) there had already been an uprising in the period between 409 and 417. This uprising is known as the Bagaudae Revolt and was stabilized by General Constantius III with the help of the Goths.
那段时期的内战对西军来说是一次大流血，兵力大幅减少。但公元 432 年，非洲省（罗马行省）|非洲落入汪达尔人手中，也给西方带来了麻烦。除了粮食供应之外，它还损失了富裕省份的大量税收收入，而这些税收是它用来资助昂贵的军队的。 === Political situation === 关于巴古代起义的直接原因，我们当然知之甚少，因为当代的资料很少且很概括。尽管如此，政治背景的很多内容还是很清楚的。西罗马陷入了行政和军事危机。国家征收税收，但在执行安全和正义方面却表现不佳。在高卢的大部分地区，治理是分散的：城市、大地主和军事指挥官自主运作。 The declining Roman control led to various population groups rebelling against the legitimate government. 452年的高卢编年史显示，当时大部分人口都是武装团体。
==The Uprising== Tibatto is mentioned in the sources as the leader of the uprising in 435. According to E. A. Thompson|Thompson, who wrote extensively about the Bagaudae and their uprisings, the rebels were not simply bush robbery, but an organized movement of the lower classes striving for independence.起义可能是从公开拒绝纳税开始的，随后官员被驱逐，武器被没收。起义像漏油一样在高卢西北部蔓延。罗马驻军被驱逐或加入叛军。 起初，帝国军队没有做出任何回应。 It lasted until 436 that they took action.焦点首先集中在勃艮第和巴古代叛乱上。埃提乌斯带着他的大部分军队向北移动，他将部队分成两部分：他将亲自对付勃艮第人，而让他的部下将军利托里乌斯消灭巴古德人。 ===The campaign of Litorius=== 我们再次简要了解了利托留斯战役的进程。 Prosper 仅报道说利托里乌斯于 436 年镇压了阿莫里卡的巴高迪起义。Prosper, s.a.a. 437 Historians suspect that Litorius had Huns at his disposal and that his campaign mainly consisted of skirmishes with the Bagaudae militias of farmers and slaves without almost military training who could not match the experienced Huns.他设法俘获了他们的一些领导人，其中包括被带到拉文纳的蒂巴托。 437年初，利托里乌斯和他的军队南下，与围困纳博讷|纳博纳的西哥特人竞争。
===The Alans of Goar=== 除了利托里乌斯的罗马军队外，戈阿尔领导下的阿兰人也活跃在阿莫里卡。尽管年代在 437 年（汤普森）和 448 年（休斯）之间变化，但阿兰人在奥尔良上方直至塞纳河的地区“高卢”定居点的情况可以高度确定地重建。巴高德起义无疑在其中发挥了作用。通过将阿兰人定居在这里，阿莫里卡尼地区被分为两部分，从而阻止了地区西部的巴高迪人与东部地区的巴高迪人联合。 编年史 452、117、119、127；康斯坦提乌斯，Vita Germani VI 28。
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